Space, Time, and Energy Relationships
The physical Universe consists solely and entirely of a finite set of invisible Space Bubbles!
A Space Bubble is a creative source of Universe Space that forcibly expands its newly generated space volume into an infinite Void of non-Universe space against its neighboring bubbles. Each bubble is unique and cannot share its space in the Void with another. There is only Universe space material in the bubbles. There are no non-Universe spaces between the bubbles.
The creative expansive force within each of the bubbles is equal, and as a result, the bubbles form into various polyhedron shapes whose sides must be flat, congruent, and coincident with adjacent bubbles. The interface of the individual bubble material with an other's forms the boundaries. Restriction of one facet of a space bubble's expansion will cause the facet of the adjacent bubble's expansion to be restricted as well. This is so because equal expansive force in each bubble requires that no boundary between them can be curved and favor one bubble side over the other. The facets of adjacent bubbles must remain coincident for the same reason.
Remember that even though the entire Universe is made of Space Bubbles, we cannot see them directly. We can only see denser groups of Space Bubbles as objects with matter. The rest of the bubbles around them appear as “empty” space in our Universe.
In our Universe vacuum space, the Space Bubbles all have the same shape and current size. As these bubbles expand into the Void, the expansion of all the Vacuum Space Bubbles will reach an equilibrium in expansion rate and will develop a “vacuum space pressure” for the particular volume in space. This pressure is the result of restriction the bubbles have on one another due to the inability to share space. The expansion rate of the bubbles and the vacuum space pressure in the Void is dependent upon the particular volume of the space's position relative to the outer boundary of the Universe. The mid sections of Universe space will have a higher space pressure due to additive expansion restriction from a greater quantity of bubbles to expand against. At the boundaries of the Universe the restriction is less because the Vacuum Space pressure is lower, and the expansion rate is greater because the Void does not offer any restriction in expansion in the direction of the Void. All of space and matter consist of Space Bubbles, and there is nothing else physical in our physical Universe.
All actions and intangible properties of the Universe such as Time, Energy, Inertia, Gravity, Electromagnetic Forces etc, are caused by the creative expansion of these bubbles into the infinite Void of non-Universe space. Any form of energy or forces acting on matter at a distance through space is conveyed through that space by virtue of expansion ripples passed from one Space Bubble to the other. This means that the Space Bubble expansion rate defines the speed of light, the speed of gravity, the speed of changes in electric or magnetic fields, etc. traveling through space. The continuing creative expansion within each of the invisible Space Bubbles is the essence of physical existence. Essentially we exist physically in the ever-present now! Without the continuing creative expansion, there would be no forces, time, energy, or even a record that the Universe ever existed!
There are six dimensions of space in our Universe. The familiar x,y,z dimensions that we use to measure position of objects in the visible Universe space, and the invisible x',y',z' dimensions of invisible Universe space into the infinite Void. Before I go into any detail of how this works, I will present the definition of terms used in the descriptions.
DEFINITIONS:
The Void: It is an available infinite volume of non-Universe space that contains our Universe. It is not visible in any form from the Universe perspective. For all intents and purposes, it is considered infinite with no bounds in the large or small. It is dimensionless since it has no dimensions in the large or small. Only finite objects occupying a volume in this space can be measured by some standard of length that is established relative to the object. There is no definitive origin to the Void, so all references must be made relative to the object existing in it. The three extra dimensions of this space (that occupied by the object) is designated as x', y', z' with the origin centered on the visible object in the Void. All dimensions have a positive sign in any direction in this space.
Princh (Pr): A unit of length to measure distance of Universe Absolute Space (SA) in the Void. Its standard reference is the initial diameter of the Universe (sphere assumed) when it was first formed in the Void and before it started to expand. It is used as an unchanging length standard in the Void, as a unit of time, and as a unit of expansion.
Space Bubble (SB): Space Bubbles are invisible bubbles of Universe space that have a creative source of new space in them. Only a certain quantity of them were created in the beginning, and no more are being created. The Space Bubbles are individual and cannot occupy or share space in the Void, and are forcibly expanding against others to cause the expansion of Universe Absolute Space (SA) into the Void.
Vacuum Space Bubbles (VSB): Vacuum Space Bubbles form the volume of Vacuum Space in the Universe. This Vacuum Space is all of “empty” space in the Universe that is not matter. It includes the interstellar space as well as space between subatomic particles in an Atom. The VSBs are the least densely packed Space Bubbles in the SA volume, are invisible directly, but are those Space Bubbles whose current linear dimension form the basis of length measurement in the Universe Visible Space (SU). A meter contains a linear length of a certain quantity of VSBs. As the VSBs expand linearly in the Void, Time passes, SA increases, but we cannot see SU expand as a result.
Absolute Space (SA): It is the total current volume of Universe Space occupying a volume in the Void. It is composed of invisible creatively expanding Space Bubbles (SB), it is ever-expanding and is not directly visible. Its current volume is determined by the product of its length units in the x',y',z' directions in the Void. It has units of Pr3. This space is not directly viewable but forms the Space Bubbles which we can see as Matter and Vacuum Space.
Universe Space (SU): Universe Space is the visible volumetric space in the Universe and is measured in Meters3 in the x,y,z volume. It is composed of invisible SBs whose collective volume form SA. Even though the SBs are expanding and causing SA to expand in the Void, the visible appearance of SU is not expanding. This is because the length measurements in the Universe are based on objects in SA and are referenced to a quantity of VSBs which are all expanding proportionally. The unit of length in SU is the Meter and it represents the length of a quantity of VSBs.
Time :Time is a linear function derived from the expansion of Absolute Space. Time passes linearly as the Universe expands in volume into the Void. The time that has past since the beginning of the Universe can be expressed as the cubed root of the current SA. It is a first order quantity (linear) and has units of Prinches.
Absolute Energy (EA): Absolute Energy is expended when SBs creatively expand their volume in the Void. The amount of EA that has been expended is equivalent to the current volume of Absolute Space (SA) and has units of Pr3. This energy is expended while the SBs in the Universe are expanding and is not conserved. It is invisible to us in the Universe and is the “Dark Energy of Existence”.
Visible Energy (EV): EV is visibly exhibited when a positive differential change in SA volume expansion between two portions of SU occur. This happens typically when expansion restricted SBs in matter with a slower expansion rate, increase in relative volume, and jump to a higher expansion rate level approaching that of VSBs. In the extreme case, the SBs in the matter incrementally expand to VSB size. This results in the Mass of the matter going to unity, and converting the Mass into Visible Energy. This differential expansion is relative to current VSB volume. It has units of Prinches3.
Space Expansion (SE): Space expansion with time. It is equal to Absolute Space (SA) expansion with the passage of Time. Note that this rate is referenced to the Void vacuum space expansion in the volume of observance, and may vary in different places in the Universe even though we can't see it. The space bubble expansion is independent and is only limited by its surrounding bubbles. Since a unit of time is equivalent to a unit of linear expansion, SE will always appear constant from our Universe perspective.
EXISTENCE DETAIL
Since the Void is infinite and dimensionless, we will establish an origin that is centered on the Universe. These coordinates however will always have positive values about the origin since there are no negative expansions in any direction. Also, since our x,y,z Universe space measurements are based on the current Universe space at any level of Universe expansion in the Void, we cannot “see” or measure the x',y',z' expansion. We can only see the results of expansion as evidence of its existence. I will call the invisible space occupied by the Universe in the Void, the Absolute Space to distinguish it from the visible Universe Space.
For this discussion we will pretend that we can step outside of our Universe and observe the Absolute Space that makes up our Universe in the x',y',z' Void. I propose that in order to physically exist, the Universe had a beginning and had an initial “absolute size” (occupied a volume of space in the Void) as it was formed in the Void. In order to “see” this we need an unchanging measurement standard in the Void to measure changing length dimensions as the Universe expands. I will use the only thing related to the Universe that we can use as a length measurement standard in the Void, and that is the diameter of the Universe (assuming it was a sphere) when it was first formed, before it started to expand. I will call this unit of length a Princh, and its length is unchanging as the Universe expands in the Void. Universe existence and Universe properties began at the onset of expansion.
There are two observable physical parts of the Universe, space and matter. Both space and matter are composed of Space Bubbles. (Universe space is visible by virtue of an ability to measure distances between objects in space.) The space bubbles that compose vacuum space are the least densely packed even though there are no empty spaces between them. They are uniform in size and shape, and all expand into the Void at the fastest rate when compared to the matter space bubble's expansion. The density of the bubbles in vacuum space is defined as unity, and is used as a reference for other more densely packed configurations of space bubbles in the Universe.
Any volume of Universe Space occupied by Space Bubble configurations in the Void that has a higher density of bubbles per unit of volume than the vacuum space (have to use Prinches as a measurement standard in the Void), will be visible in the Universe as matter with a property of mass.
The Mass of the matter is directly proportional to the density ratio of the matter to the vacuum space density (which is a unity reference). It represents an excess quantity of Space Bubbles crammed into an equivalent volume of Vacuum Space Bubbles. The expansion of the Space Bubbles in the matter is slower such that its entire volume expands in proportion to the vacuum space. And so it seems that the matter remains constant in size and Mass in the Universe as space expands. Mass is the ratio of matter density to space density and it is unit-less.
Figure 1
Referring to Figure 1, where A, B, and C are the lengths in Prinches of the respective x', y', z' coordinates of a volume of Absolute Space in the Void, the volume of Absolute Space in Prinches3 is found:
SA = (A Pr)(B Pr)(C Pr) = ABC Pr3
Absolute Space volume cannot be seen directly. It is contained in each of the Space Bubbles. We can only see the Space Bubbles as Universe Space or Matter in our Universe. The Absolute Space volume in each bubble is constantly increasing, which in total causes the Universe to be expanding into the Void by an ever-increasing amount. The current Absolute Space volume in the Void equates to the total Absolute Energy expended to bring the Universe Absolute Space to its current size. This could be thought of as the “Dark Energy of Existence” since it is through this expansion all physical things of the Universe exist.
Any change in expansion of the Space Bubbles will be passed bubble to bubble at the rate of expansion. Determining the rate of SA expansion with respect to expansion (or its equivalency time) in the z' direction, we obtain:
d SA /d Cz' = 3*Ax'* By' Pr2 = Rate of SA expansion (SE)
= 3AB Pr2
This is the rate of Absolute Space volume expansion with a linear increase in the z' direction with the x' and y' directions held constant. The equivalent will result if increases in the x' or y' direction are allowed while holding expansion in the other two directions constant.
But, the linear expansion in the x', y', or z' directions are caused by the independent increase in Absolute Space volume inside of the Space Bubble instead of the other way around. So the linear expansion in any direction around the bubble would be (SE)1/3
Since all forces and energy travel through SU in the form of expansion ripples passed one Space Bubble to the other, this rate also defines the speed of light in Pr units in a volume of SA! This expansion rate also controls the rate of time passage! If through some means the SA volume expansion (SE) in a volume of Universe Space (SU) is restricted relative to the Vacuum Space in that volume, time will pass slower in that volume. The SA expansion is the only independent variable in the Universe! The creation of new Universe Space within each Space Bubble is the action that causes Universe existence!
To find the rate of Absolute Space expansion with respect to expansion, differentiate it a second time with respect to expansion:
d2 (SA)/d Pr = d(3AB Pr2)/d Pr = 6AB Pr
The Princh is the primary unit of length, expansion, and time in Absolute Space.
Now I'm going to present some rather shocking implications about the cause of the Space, Time, and Energy relationships we observe in our Universe .
ENERGY:
All energy is the result of the creative expansion of new Universe Absolute Space coming from within each of the Space Bubbles and expanding into a Void of non-Universe space. What caused the initial creation of the Space Bubbles, and how the new space material is created, is outside of our realm of reality and is unknown. The collective volume expansion of the Universe into the Void from the Space Bubble expansion is the “Dark Energy of Existence”. It is measured in cubic Prinches and is invisible to us in the Universe. This expansion is the only independent variable in the Universe. All other properties of the Universe that we observe here inside it come from this creative expansion.
At any point in the Universe's expansion, the current volume of the Universe in the Void represents the expended Dark Energy it took to make it. This energy is not conserved. It has been used to create the Universe to its current size.
Any matter that has a volume of Space Bubbles that haven't reached the full level of the expansion of Vacuum Space Bubbles at that level of Universe expansion, with a quality of Mass that represents a quantity of these bubbles, hold potential visible energy that we can see. It exhibits itself as a release of energy if the Space Bubbles in the matter suddenly have an incremental increase in volume and expansion rate relative to the current size of the Vacuum Space Bubbles. The amount of energy displayed is proportional to the incremental volume increase. If N represents a Mass quantity, or an equivalent quantity of expansion compressed Space Bubbles, then the Visible Energy can be found by integrating the volume expansion rate (SE) with expansion.
In the extreme case where the compacted matter Space Bubbles have an incremental increase to the size of the Vacuum Space Bubbles, the matter appears to have turned into energy as the mass no longer exists (the matter density goes to unity and becomes invisible).
So, our visible energy is a result of an incremental differential expansion between two portions of Universe Space. Since the amount of differential expansion always yields the same amount of visible energy, it appears to us that Visible Energy is always conserved. But in reality it is not, because it was given in expansion and cannot be taken back. The exhibition of visible energy depends upon the continuing creative non-reversible expansion of space into the Void! It is the continuing creative action that causes physical existence, not that it was all created in a Big Bang event at zero time.
TIME:
Time is a linear function derived from the expansion of Absolute Space. Time passes as the Universe expands in volume into the Void and is irreversible or cannot completely cease. Existence requires expansion! The time that has past since the beginning of the Universe can be expressed as the cubed root of the Absolute Volume . It is a first order quantity (linear) and has units of Prinches. Nothing happens without Absolute Space expansion, which also means nothing happens without time passing! For every second as we measure it that passes, the Universe has expanded in volume by a quantity of Prinches3 in the Void. Absolute volume expansion of the Universe into the Void equates to the Dark Energy of Existence. And the portion of the Dark Energy that was a result of differential expansion between the Matter Space Bubbles and Vacuum Space Bubbles is visible to us in the Universe as energy.
So here we have found the Space-Time-Energy connection! Energy exhibition is the active result of the third order volumetric expansion of Absolute Space into the Void, and the passage of Time is the result of the first order linear expansion of Absolute Space into the Void. Space-Time and Energy are not separable and they both come from the ongoing creative expansion of Absolute Space.
EQUIVALENCIES:
Absolute Energy (EA) is equivalent to a volume of Absolute Space (SA). Both have units of Prinches3.
Time is equivalent to the linear expansion of Absolute space into the Void and has units of Prinches. A second of time as viewed in our Universe, can be equated to an expansion of Absolute Space into the Void by a quantity of Prinches3.
Mass is equivalent to the density ratio of a group of Space Bubbles in matter to the unity vacuum space density. In other words, it is the ratio of the number of expansion restricted Space Bubbles in an object with matter to an equivalent volume of Vacuum Space Bubbles occupied in Vacuum Space. Mass = N SB/VSB where N is the number of compacted Space Bubbles in the matter volume relative to the number of Vacuum Space Bubbles in and equivalent SU volume.
Mass is equivalent to Visible Energy (EV) through the integration of the differential expansion between the compacted Space Bubbles in an object of Mass and that of Vacuum Space. Mass is the density ratio of the density of the object with mass to the unity Vacuum Space density. The Princh (Pr) is defined as a unit of linear expansion in Absolute Space (SA). If the rate of expansion of space is integrated with respect to expansion, then a resulting volume of space will result in a quantity of energy.
(c) Dan Bowlds 11/26/2025
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